Uridine monophosphate, or UMP, is used as the example of the pyrimidine nucleotide. I. De-novo synthesis (synthesis from scratch): it is a biochemical pathway in which nucleotides are synthesized new from simple precursor molecules. Classify each description as the de novo pathway, salvage pathway, or both pathways of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Understand the Two Pathways of nucleotide biosynthesis (1) De-novo synthesis and (2) Salvage Pathways. sary for the synthesis of RNA, DNA, nucleotide-activated sugars, and lipids [3]. A salvage pathway is a pathway in which a biological product is produced from intermediates in the degradative pathway of its own or a similar substance. The pyrimidine synthesis is a similar process than that of Purines(Purines Synthesis).In the de novo synthesis of Pyrimidines, the ring is synthesized first and then it is attached to a ribose-phosphate to for a pyrimidine nucleotide.Pyrimidine rings are assembled from bicarbonate, aspartate, and Ammonia. HGPRT is the most important salvage enzyme. II. Salvage pathway (recycle pathway): used to recover bases and nucleosides formed during the degradation of RNA and DNA This pathway supplies ribose sugar for the formation of the nucleotide. recycling of the bases. Split-thickness rabbit skins were minced and incubated in vitro with radioactive precursors selected to measure de nova and salvage pathways for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. attached to the ribose sugar provided from HMP pathway. De novo synthesis of nucleotides does not take place in brain and erythrocytes, making salvage pathway indispensable for them The salvage pathway requires no ATP and accounts for 90% of nucleotide biosynthesis. (2) Salvage process i.e. Its regulation occurs by competitive inhibition by IMP and GMP. The purine ring is synthesized along with the nucleotide i.e. The abbreviation PRPP is used for 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. (1) de-novo synthesis and (2) synthesis by salvage pathways. In this system, both the salvage precursors [ 3 H]thymidine and [ 14 C]cytidine were incorporated actively into skin DNA and only [ 14 C]cytidine into skin RNA. De Novo Synthesis: De novo (all over again) synthesis of purine nucleotides is synthesis of purines anew. Nucleotide Synthesis (De-novo and Salvage Pathways of Purine & Pyrimidine Biosynthesis PPT by easybiologyclass) 1. UMP, which is used to synthesize UDP, UTP, dTTP, CTP, and dCTP, is the common metabolite between the de novo and the salvage pyrimidine synthesis pathway. Each category has at least one description. However, as indicated above, the salvage pathway to thymidine nucleotide synthesis is especially important in the preparation for cell division. The salvage of pyrimidine bases has less clinical significance than that of the purines, owing to the solubility of the by-products of pyrimidine catabolism. APRT is inhibited by AMP. 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