It is native to the wet forests and stream banks of the southeastern United States, with a range stretching from the states of Virginia to Texas (Northeast Texas Piney Woods) and extending southeast through Florida, also north to Iowa, Michigan, and New York. American wisteria ( Wisteria frutescens; syn. A vigorous grower, with a fast rate of growth. [26], Partly dead leaves of Wisteria frutescens have been found to host Phomatospora wistariae Ellis & Everh. macrostachya is a distinctive variety found in the southeastern United States,[16] including its namesake state of Kentucky. An unknown and toxic resin is present as well. [29], Wisteria brachybotrys, Wisteria floribunda, Wisteria sinensis and Wisteria venusta, have been shown to carry Erysiphe cichoracearum, Botryosphaeria, and Phomopsis canker and die-back pathogens, Phyllosticta wisteriae, and Septoria wisteriae. It has been classified as a separate species, Wisteria macrostachya (Torr. It requires regular pruning to maintain control; however, it is not as aggressive as the non-native, invasive Wisteria species. American Wisteria is a host plant for butterfly and moth larvae (caterpillars), including Marine Blue (Leptotes marina) and Zarucco Duskywing (Erynnis zarucco). [23][24], Aplosporella wistariae Ellis & Barthol., previously known as Haplosporella wistariae Ellis & Barthol.,[25] has been found on some cultivars of wisteria in Louisville, Kansas. Wisteria frutescens, commonly known as American wisteria, is a woody, deciduous, perennial climbing vine, one of various wisterias of the family Fabaceae. Wistaria frutescens ) is a woody vine that produces beautiful hanging clusters of purple flowers. Blooming from the base of each cluster to the tip, they appear in late spring or early summer after the leaves emerge. Its perithecia mesaure to about 110-120 Î¼m, its asci 35-45 by 10-12 Î¼m, and its sporidia 12 by 6 Î¼m. The branches and stems of Wisteria frutescens (American wisteria) and Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) twine in a counterclockwise direction, while Wisteria floribunda (Japanese wisteria) twines clockwise. Use left and right arrow keys to navigate between menus and submenus. It is an aggressive grower that will choke out native plant species. It is native to the wet forests and stream banks of the southeastern United States, with a range stretching from the states of Virginia to Texas (Northeast Texas Piney Woods) and extending southeast through Florida, also north to Iowa, Michigan, and New York. This species is native to North America. A lovely, aromatic Wisteria, Wisteria frutescens (American Wisteria) is a strong-growing climber with twining stems of great beauty. The toxicity of canavanine is due to its extreme structural similarity to L-arginine, which may result in an organism's incorporation of it into proteins in place of L-arginine. 2005. That regrettably limited zone of habitation consists of the southeastern section of the United States. Wisteria Fact Did you know that different species of wisteria vines twine in different directions? native wisteria for sale. Forest plants of the southeast and their wildlife uses. 8 (Wisteria macrostachya f. albo-lilacina", "Wisteria Frutescens (American Wisteria) Lady Bird Johnson", "Wisteria Frutescens NC State University", "Mutualism favours higher host specificity than does antagonism in plant–herbivore interactio", "Index Fungorum Haplosporella wistariae Ellis & Barthol", "Plant Disease Handbook Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Wisteria", "UC IPM How to Manage Pests UC Pest Management Guidelines", "The large universal Pantoea plasmid LPP-1 plays a major role in biological and ecological diversification", "Phyllosticta leaf spot of Chinese wisteria". It can grow up to 15m long over many supports via powerful clockwise-twining stems. Counties included on distribution map: Autauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler, Calhoun, Cherokee, Chilton, Clarke, Clay, Cleburne, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington, Crenshaw, Dale, Dallas, DeKalb, Elmore, Escambia, Etowah, Henry, Jackson, Lamar, Lee, Macon, Marshall, Mobile, Monroe, Montgomery, Pickens, Pike, Russell, St. Clair, Tallapoosa, Tuscaloosa This plant has some cultivated varieties. Virtually unknown to gardeners are two species of North American Wisteria, this one and Kentucky Wisteria (W. macrostachya) which we also carry. American wisteria is suitable for gardeners in USDA zones 5 to 9. The concentration of toxins varies in all segments of the plant and varies during different seasons. It produces dense clusters of blue-purple, two-lipped, flowers 2 cm (3⁄4 in) wide on racemes 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long in late spring to early summer. American Wisteria Mature Size, Growth, Longevity. The leaves bear 9-15 oblong leaflets that are each 2–6 cm (3⁄4–2 1⁄4 in) long. Producing glossy dark green foliage and large lilac flowers with a light fragrance it is a reliable cultivar. American wisteria is very similar to Kentucky wisteria (Wisteria macrostachya) which has been considered a variety of W. frutescens but grows somewhat differently and has a fragrance. University of Georgia Press., Athens. & Fernald.[17]. American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens; syn. It has a bittersweet taste. Fruit are similar in appearance to pea pods.  Seeds are poisonous to eat (as are other parts of the plant). [37], CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "International Legume Database & Information Service", "Journal of the Arnold Arboretum Vol. ex B. L. Rob. American Wisteria Wisteria macrostachya 'Blue Moon' This vigorous grower is far less rampant than non-native Wisteria but just as showy. Flowers are showy, fragrant and attract butterflies while providing great nesting and cover for native birds. American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens) is blooming now – one of the ways that you can distinguish it from the non-native wisteria that have finished blooming by now. Wisteria is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae (Leguminosae), that includes ten species of woody climbing bines (twining vines) that are native to China, Korea, Japan, and the Eastern United States.Some species are popular ornamental plants. Wisteria frutescens, commonly called American wisteria, is a counterclockwise twining deciduous woody vine that grows to 40’ or more. Native Range & A. Any mention of trade, products, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by North Carolina State University. American wisteria is native to moist areas along creeks and boggy areas in the South Eastern U.S. from central Florida to Virgina to Texas. It is typically found in moist thickets, swampy woods, pond peripheries and stream borders and is native from Virginia to Illinois south to Florida and Texas. December 2, 2020 James H. Miller and Karl V. Miller. It is planted in New England and infrequently escapes cultivation. American wisteria can grow up to 15 m long over many supports via powerful clockwise-twining stems. In late May, long racemes of lavender-blue flowers appear and repeat during the summer months. These are the smallest racemes produced by any Wisteria. While still an aggressive plant, American wisteria grows only two-thirds as tall as its Asian cousins, and its racemes, or pendulous blossoms, are half as long, rounded and more compact—resembling bunches of … Its most redeeming feature is the fact that it is much less invasive than its Asian counterparts, especially the beautiful but ruthless Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis). If patriotism is not enough, then a love of beauty, color and form should surely be sufficient to cause renewed interest in this beautiful plant. Kentucky wisteria, Wisteria frutescens var. Flowering occurs when the foliage is well developed, so that the blooms are hidden by the foliage. Kentucky wisteria grows in USDA zones 4 to 9. Use up and down arrow keys to explore within a submenu. [35][36], Canavanine is a common α-amino-acid constituent found in the seeds of all species of Wisteria. American Wisteria; STATS. It also blooms later than they do—in May or June, depending where you live—so the blooms are seldom zapped by a late frost. More specifically, it mainly appears from the state of Virginia to the state of Texas. The opposite leaves are pinnately compound, with 9 to 15 leaflets. It is considered shade tolerant, but will flower only when exposed to partial or full sun. This can result in dehydration and collapse in serious cases; recovery generally occurs within 24 hours. It grows best in USDA plant hardiness zones 5-9. There is debate over whether the flowers are toxic. As a cultivated plant, it is suitable in United States Department of Agriculture zones 5 to 9. Wisteria frutescens, commonly called American wisteria, is a counterclockwise twining deciduous woody vine that grows to 40’ or more. ProblemsDieback, crown gall, leaf spots, virus diseases, Japanese beetles, aphids, leaf miners, scale insects, and mealybugs. American Wisteria Vine Information Native Range. Its lavender-purple, grape-like flowers attract native butterflies and insects. Kentucky wisteria (Wisteria macrostachya) is found in the south-central United States. Wisterias are mostly native to Asia and North America but are widely cultivated in other regions for their attractive growth habit and beautiful profuse flowers. ©Ted Bodner. American wisteria grows as far south as Florida. Amethyst Falls American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens 'Amethyst Falls'):  Lilac flowers.  Flowers produced at a younger age (2 to 3 years old). American wisteria. Kentucky wisteria bears unscented bluish-purple flowers in racemes 15–30 cm (6–12 in) long, a generally average length for the Wisteria family.[18]. Use up and down arrow keys to explore within a submenu. Native nurseries, FNPS plant sales: Light: Full Sun, Part Shade: Moisture Tolerance: ... Natural Range in Florida. It grows only two-thirds as tall, its racemes are half as long (the shortest of the wisteria family), and its bloom time is sometimes shorter than many Asian varieties. Within a submenu, use escape to move to top level menu parent. [27][30][31][32][33][34], All species of Wisteria contain a saponin known as Wisterin, sometimes called Wistarin, in the bark, branches, pods, roots, and seeds. American wisteria is native to southeastern wetlands, where it grows in partial sun. Average Size at Maturity: Twining stems quickly reach … We Sell Plants Not Seeds - Anyone Can Order at Low Grower Prices - We Ship Everywhere. It is however a heavy woody vine that can reach a mature height of 50', and careful consideration should be taken when deciding on a support structure for it to grow on. BENEFITS Wisteria frutescens, commonly known as American wisteria, is a woody, deciduous, perennial climbing vine, one of various wisterias of the family Fabaceae. American wisteria prefers moist soils. [27] The K-48 strain of the bacterium can be effectively used to prevent infection by the pathogenic strain of Crown Gall. It produces dense clusters of blue-purple, two-lipped, 2-cm-wide flowers on racemes 5–15 cm long in late spring to early summer. Suitable to grow in: 8A 8B 9A 9B . Nivea American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens 'Nivea'):  White flowers. Not as aggressive and spreading as the Chinese Wisteria and the other Asiatic types. Reunion Updates & News. These beetles will bore into the woody stems of young or unhealthy wisteria, causing disruption of water and nutrient flow. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Native Plant Information Network−GRIN: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wisteria_frutescens&oldid=984917525, Flora of the Great Lakes region (North America), Articles needing additional references from December 2009, All articles needing additional references, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 22 October 2020, at 21:32. The foliage consists of shiny, dark-green, pinnately compound leaves 10–30 cm (4–12 in) in length. Genus: Wisteria Plant Height: 30 feet or more This woody, deciduous climber is native to low-lying areas of the southeastern United States. [28], Root-knot nematodes are parasites known to affect most species of plants, wisteria not being an exception, but wisteria is susceptible to Texas root rot caused by the fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum. [26], Rhizobium radiobacter, previously known as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and commonly as crown gall, is a soil-borne bacterium that occasionally infects wisteria, causing abnormal growths or swellings on the roots or stems. Native to many states, including Texas, Iowa, Michigan and Virginia it can reach a height of 30 ft. American Wisteria Wisteria frutescens 'Amethyst Falls' 'Amethyst Falls' is far less aggressive then other Wisteria making it much easier to grow and produces a incredible show of bloom at a far earlier age than the others. It is, however, subject to damage by typical pests like aphids, leaf miners, Japanese beetles, scale insects, and mealybugs. Wisterin's structure has been shown to be similar in structure and in effects to the alkaloid cytisine, but less potent. Gray) Nutt. It also bears numerous poisonous, bean-like seed pods 5–10 cm (2–3 7⁄8 in) long that mature in summer and persist until winter; the pods are fuzzy and greenish-tan when young, but shiny brown and smooth when dry. Quite unfortunately, the breathtaking vine known as the American Wisteria evolved as native to a restricted portion of North America. It primarily occurs in bottomlands in moist areas such as swamps, along rivers, and in flood plains. Wisteria frutescens, in general, is subject to few pests or diseases. The following menu has 3 levels. It serves as a defense compound against herbivores and provides a vital source of nitrogen for the growing plant embryo. Native to North America, mostly in southern states.  Native to a few counties in Illinois. This species is native to North America. It is mostly epiphytic, and it grows in relatively flat gray spots that are approximately 2–4 mm. This also allows for the potential to introduce disease, like rot, and both of these have the potential to cause death of the plant. It's more cold-hardy than the Asian types and suited to USDA Zones 3-9. Get expert help from The Morton Arboretum Plant Clinic. It is a good alternate to the Japanese and Chinese wisterias that have become invasive in some areas. Its stromata are elliptical or orbicular, are 1–2 mm in diameter, and are sunk into the bark, which causes raised pustules, some of which are ruptured. Several characteristics distinguish American wisteria from its Asian counterparts. The violet-blue flowers of American Wisteria are bunched together in 3-to-4 inch cones held up and away from the foliage. American wisteria can grow 20 to 30 feet long.  It is a twining vine.  Twining vines climb by twisting their stems or leaf stalks around a support.  This type of vine grows well on trellises, arbors, wires or chain-link fences. Go to list of cultivars. [27], Pantoea agglomerans has been shown to induce galls on Wisteria. Native CC = 4 CW = -3 MOC = 22 ... Its native range is mostly within the southeastern quadrant of the continental U.S. Over time the size and weight of the vegetation can become substantial, so stout trellises must be used for support.    After flowering, prune excess growth back to 6 inches.  These pruned stems will continue to grow.  In winter cut them again so that each stem has two to three buds left.  Proper pruning not only encourages flowering, but it also helps to manage size and shape of the vine.Wisteria vines are heavy and require sturdy supports. Use left and right arrow keys to navigate between menus and submenus. use escape to move to top level menu parent. Long-lived, 50-100 years. They are much less rampant than Asian Wisterias and much more likely to bloom. Alba American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens 'Alba'):  White flowers. From top level menus, use escape to exit the menu. Wisteria, (genus Wisteria), genus of 8–10 species of twining, usually woody vines of the pea family (Fabaceae). Its flowers are not scented, and its seed pods are smooth rather than velvety when mature. It produces masses of large drooping clusters, 6 in. Carl Linnaeus described Wisteria frutescens. As with the cytisine containing Laburnum, its leaves are sometimes taken as a tobacco substitute. Our communities. Texas root rot damages the roots and prevents their absorption of water, resulting in wilting then death. Our trees. Pests of particular concern are longhorn beetles, such as Synaphaeta guexi, and the Asian long-horned beetle. These spots are bounded by narrow dark lines; however, they frequently run together. Phomatospora wistariae is hyaline in appearance and resembles a membrane, it is sessile, it does not have paraphyses, its asci are oblong, and its sporidia are biseriate and have an oblong-elliptical shape. Though it has never been favored in many gardens for this characteristic, many bonsai artists employ American wisteria for its manageably-sized flowers, and it is charming as a woodland flowering vine. Use enter to activate. The seeds are large and brown (see image). The Morton Arboretum is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that relies on the generosity of members and donors. As the name suggests, this wisteria (Wisteria macrostachya B This fungus is perithecial, meaning its fruiting body is flask-shaped with an ostiole through which its ascospores are released. Wisteria frutescens is a liana that is native to the United States. Its native range is southeastern and south-central portions of the country. long (15 cm), packed with fragrant, pea-like, lilac-purple flowers tipped. Latin Name: Wisteria frutescens 'Aunt Maude' Common Name: American Wisteria Cultivar: 'Aunt Maude' Family: Fabaceae Vining technique: twining (counter-clockwise) Native range: eastern United States Sun/Shade: sun, tolerates part shade Height: 12' - 18' Zones: 5-9 Monoecious Flower: blue violet, pea-like, in drooping racemes, June-July Explore this online platform for Chicago-area residents to share their favorite stories about trees. Stop by, email, or call. Poisoning from the plant can occur from ingestion of 1 to 2 seed pods and results in mild to severe gastroenteritis, nausea, frequent vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The American Wisteria deserves a lot more attention. Have tree and plant questions? It blooms on current season's growth, and should be pruned soon after blooming and then again in the fall. 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